138 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
138 lines
3.7 KiB
Markdown
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安装：yum install firewalld
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------------------------
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1、firewalld的基本使用
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----------------
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启动： systemctl start firewalld
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查看状态： systemctl status firewalld
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禁用，禁止开机启动： systemctl disable firewalld
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停止运行： systemctl stop firewalld
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2.配置firewalld-cmd
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-----------------
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查看版本： firewall-cmd --version
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查看帮助： firewall-cmd --help
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显示状态： firewall-cmd --state
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查看所有打开的端口： firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
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更新防火墙规则： firewall-cmd --reload
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更新防火墙规则，重启服务： firewall-cmd --completely-reload
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查看已激活的Zone信息: firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
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查看指定接口所属区域： firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0
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拒绝所有包：firewall-cmd --panic-on
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取消拒绝状态： firewall-cmd --panic-off
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查看是否拒绝： firewall-cmd --query-panic
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3.信任级别，通过Zone的值指定
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-----------------
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drop: 丢弃所有进入的包，而不给出任何响应
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block: 拒绝所有外部发起的连接，允许内部发起的连接
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public: 允许指定的进入连接
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external: 同上，对伪装的进入连接，一般用于路由转发
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dmz: 允许受限制的进入连接
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work: 允许受信任的计算机被限制的进入连接，类似 workgroup
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home: 同上，类似 homegroup
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internal: 同上，范围针对所有互联网用户
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trusted: 信任所有连接
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4.firewall开启和关闭端口
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-----------------
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**以下都是指在public的zone下的操作，不同的Zone只要改变Zone后面的值就可以**
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**添加：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=public \--add-port=80/tcp --permanent （--permanent永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效）
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**重新载入：**
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firewall-cmd --reload
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**查看：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=public \--query-port=80/tcp
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**删除：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=public \--remove-port=80/tcp --permanent
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5.**管理服务**
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----------
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**以smtp服务为例， 添加到work zone**
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**添加：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=work --add-service=smtp
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**查看：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=work \--query-service=smtp
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**删除：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=work \--remove-service=smtp
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5.配置 IP 地址伪装
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------------
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**查看：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external \--query-masquerade
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**打开：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external --add-masquerade
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**关闭：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external --remove-masquerade
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6.端口转发
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------
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**打开端口转发，首先需要打开IP地址伪装**
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**firewall-cmd \--zone=external --add-masquerade**
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**转发 tcp 22 端口至 3753：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external --add-forward-port=22:porto=tcp:toport=3753
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**转发端口数据至另一个IP的相同端口：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external --add-forward-port=22:porto=tcp:toaddr=192.168.1.112
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**转发端口数据至另一个IP的 3753 端口：**
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firewall-cmd \--zone=external --add-forward-port=22:porto=tcp:：toport=3753:toaddr=192.168.1.112
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6.systemctl是CentOS7的服务管理工具中主要的工具，它融合之前service和chkconfig的功能于一体。
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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启动一个服务：systemctl start firewalld.service
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关闭一个服务：systemctl stop firewalld.service
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重启一个服务：systemctl restart firewalld.service
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显示一个服务的状态：systemctl status firewalld.service
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在开机时启用一个服务：systemctl enable firewalld.service
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在开机时禁用一个服务：systemctl disable firewalld.service
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查看服务是否开机启动：systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service
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查看已启动的服务列表：systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled
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查看启动失败的服务列表：systemctl --failed
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